Theophany

The Baptism of Christ in the Jordan, and the first open showing of the Holy Trinity.

Theophany, also called Epiphany, is the feast of the Baptism of Christ in the Jordan, kept on January 6, or January 19 on the Old Calendar. At the Baptism the Holy Trinity was revealed: the Father's voice, the Son in the water, and the Spirit descending as a dove. It is the day of the Great Blessing of Waters.

In 2027 Theophany falls on Wednesday, January 6, on the New Calendar, and on Tuesday, January 19, on the Old Calendar.

Also called the Baptism of Christ, Epiphany.

Reckoning the date…

Next in the calendar: New Calendar, January 6, 2027 · Old Calendar, January 19, 2027

Theophany means the shining-forth of God. At the Baptism of Christ in the Jordan, the Trinity is revealed openly for the first time: the Son standing in the water, the voice of the Father naming Him the Beloved, and the Spirit descending as a dove. The Church keeps this feast as the manifestation of the one God in three Persons, not a doctrine argued but a mystery shown at the riverbank.

Christ had no need of baptism, for He was without sin. He entered the water not to be cleansed but to cleanse it, to sanctify the waters and, through them, all creation, and to go down into the Jordan as He would go down into death, that He might raise us with Him. So the feast is bound to Pascha in its meaning, a first descent that points toward the great one.

Because of this, Theophany is the day of the Great Blessing of Waters. The Church blesses water and carries it to homes, a sign that matter itself is not despised but hallowed, made again a vessel of grace. The feast falls on January 6, twelve days after the Nativity, completing the cycle of the Lord's coming.

Questions about Theophany

When is Theophany?

On January 6, or January 19 on the Old Calendar. The day before, the Eve of Theophany, is a strict fast.

What is the Great Blessing of Waters?

A service in which the Church blesses water in memory of Christ's Baptism. It is served on the feast, and in many parishes on the eve as well. The faithful take the water home, and in the weeks after the feast the priest blesses homes with it.

Is Theophany the same as Epiphany?

It is the same day, January 6. In the West Epiphany chiefly remembers the visit of the Magi; in the Orthodox Church the feast is the Baptism of Christ, and the Magi are remembered at Christmas.

Why is the Eve of Theophany a fast day?

It is kept as a strict fast to prepare for the feast and to receive the holy water blessed for it.

When is Theophany in 2027?

In 2027 Theophany falls on Wednesday, January 6, on the New Calendar, and on Tuesday, January 19, on the Old Calendar.

What are the readings for Theophany?

For the feast:

  • The Matins Gospel is Mark 1.9-11.
  • The Epistle is Titus 2.11-14, 3.4-7 and the Gospel is Matthew 3.13-17.
  • At the Great Blessing of Waters, the readings are Isaiah 35.1-10, Isaiah 55.1-13, Isaiah 12.3-6, 1 Corinthians 10.1-4, and Mark 1.9-11.

On the day itself the calendar also lists that weekday's or Sunday's readings, and any other saint's.

What is the troparion of Theophany?

When Thou wast baptized in the Jordan, O Lord, the worship of the Trinity was made manifest; for the voice of the Father bare witness to Thee, calling Thee His beloved Son, and the Spirit in the form of a dove confirmed the truth of His word. O Christ our God, who hast appeared and enlightened the world, glory to Thee.

More questions about the Orthodox Church, answered ›

The troparion of the feast

“When Thou wast baptized in the Jordan, O Lord, the worship of the Trinity was made manifest; for the voice of the Father bare witness to Thee, calling Thee His beloved Son, and the Spirit in the form of a dove confirmed the truth of His word. O Christ our God, who hast appeared and enlightened the world, glory to Thee.”
Troparion · Neale, Hymns of the Eastern Church (1862) · public domain

The saints of January

The saints of January, day by day ›

In Orthros

Orthros keeps the feast, its blessing of waters, and its hymns, and marks it on both the New and Old Calendar, each text with its source shown.

No trackers. No ads. No data sold. Ever.

help@orthros.app

Available for iPhone, iPad, Mac, Apple Watch and CarPlay

Orthros · an Orthodox prayer companion, made by Orthodox Christians, for everyone. Not an official work of any Church body.

Scene & ornament artwork © Orthros, its own drawn work, not historical icons. Source and license details identify received texts and editions. Orthros editorial teaching is labeled separately.